CLINICAL OVERVIEW

Hyperglycemia in Adults

This clinical overview provides a comprehensive resource for health professionals on the diagnosis and management of hyperglycemia in adults. It covers the spectrum of hyperglycemic presentations, from mild elevations in blood glucose to life-threatening emergencies like diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state. The piece delves into the pathophysiology of hyperglycemia, exploring the interplay of insulin deficiency and resistance. It offers a detailed approach to diagnosis, emphasizing the appropriate use of laboratory testing and interpretation of results. A key feature is the inclusion of a differential diagnosis table that assists in distinguishing between various causes of hyperglycemia, including different types of diabetes, drug-induced hyperglycemia, and other medical conditions. The overview also outlines evidence-based treatment strategies, with a focus on insulin therapy and supportive care, and addresses special considerations for specific populations such as pregnant and older adults. The content is meticulously referenced, drawing on current guidelines and research to provide a robust and clinically relevant resource.